Which one is better, MySQL or Microsoft SQL Server?

The decision between MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server is largely based on the needs, goals and infrastructure of an organization or individual who will be using the database. Both are relational database systems (RDBMSs) that can store, retrieve, and manage data efficiently. However, they differ on features, performance and licensing, as well as platform compatibility and user-case preferences. MySQL is an open source RDBMS that was originally developed by MySQL AB, but now owned by Oracle Corporation.
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It's widely praised for its reliability, simplicity, and cost effectiveness. The ease of integration into open-source platforms such as Linux, PHP, Apache, and MySQL makes it a favorite among startups, small and medium businesses, and web developers. MySQL offers multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB or MyISAM. This allows for flexibility when handling different applications. It's known for its low system resource consumption and speed, making it an excellent choice for applications that require high read speeds. Microsoft SQL Server is a commercially available RDBMS developed by Microsoft. It offers a comprehensive feature set that includes advanced analytics, business intelligence, reporting services and full integration into the Microsoft ecosystem. It offers better support for enterprise applications that require advanced security, data integrity, and transaction control features. 
SQL Server is a popular choice among organizations that have invested heavily in Microsoft technologies. It integrates seamlessly into Windows Server, Azure cloud service, and.NET apps. SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Profiler and Data Tools are some of the tools that make database tuning and monitoring more efficient. SQL Server also supports advanced features such as Always On availability groups, in-memory OLTP to optimize performance, and extensive security measures like dynamic data masking, row-level security, and other powerful security mechanisms. MySQL supports replication and clustering but its advanced features may not be as reliable as SQL Server.
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 SQL Server is more expensive, but it has a higher cost commercial license, which includes enterprise features. It does offer a limited free Express version. A second important factor is compatibility. MySQL runs on a variety of operating systems including Linux, Windows and macOS. This allows for greater flexibility in cross-platform development. SQL Server, however, was traditionally limited to Windows. MySQL has a large community of developers who can provide quick support and solutions. SQL Server on the other has robust support and documentation provided by Microsoft.
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This is important for enterprise environments that require guaranteed technical assistance and upgrades. If you are primarily concerned with cost, ease-of-use, and compatibility with open source, MySQL will likely be the best choice, particularly for web applications. If you need advanced features, integration with Microsoft products and strong security, Microsoft SQL Server is the better choice. The decision will ultimately depend on the application requirements, technology stack, expectations for scalability, and budget constraints. Both databases are mature and reliable and widely used by the industry.
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